SPANISH OPERA This site is created to help establish and promote the repetoire of Opera written in the Spanish language -- a body of work which has been largely ignored in the US. There will also be some references to other forms such as Zarzuela and art song. Please contact the authors with any corrections or additions. Composers: Early Composers of Opera in Spanish Sources: |
Zarzuela -- Spanish operetta
Popular operetta, Zarzuela, became paramount in Spain in the 1850s. The following composers are known more for their Zarzuelas, but they wrote a number of legitamate operas as well.
There is some disagreement, but one of the first important Spanish operas was composed by Juan Hidalgo (1614-1685) of a libretto by Pedro Calderón de la Barca: El Laurel de Apolo (1657) and/or Celos aun del aire matan (1660) |
Ruperto ChapÌ |
Tomás Bretón (1850 - 1923 Spain) Operas include: El campanero de Begoña (1878), Corona contra Corona (1879), Los amores de un príncipe (1880/81), Los amantes de Teruel (1889), La Dolores (1895), El clavel rojo (1899), Don Gil (1914), and many one act operas. |
Amadeo Vives (1871-1932) Operas include: Artús (1897), Maruxa (1914), Euda d'Uriach (1900) |
Emilio Arrieta (1821 - 1894) Teacher to Chapí and Bretón, known for Marina (1871) |
Jacinto Guerrero (1895 - 1951 Spain) Operas include: La blanca doble, Los Gavilanes |
Emilio Serrano (1873-1941) 19 operas including Gonzalo de Córdoba, Alam de Dios (1907) |
Jorge Ankerman (1877 - 1951 Spain, Cuba) comic operas. |
Ernesto Lecuona (1896 - 1963 Spain, Cuba) one opera, El Sombrero de Yarey (unperformed). |
Moreno Torroba (1891 - 1982 Spain) Operas include: La Virgen de Mayo (1925), Luisa Fernanda, and El Poeta (1980) |
many more z composers at
http://www.zarzuela.net/ref/composer.htm
opera & art song
early period
La Púrpura de la Rosa (The Blood of the Rose), believed to be the first opera written in the New World, Lima, by Spanish composer Torrejon y Velasco (1701). |
Ramon Carnicer
y Battle |
Hilarión Eslava (1807-78) Promoted Spanish opera, and also composed his own, including Il solitario del monte selvaggio (1841), La tregua di Ptolemaide (1842), Pietro il crudele (1843). |
Felipe Pedrell (184l-1922) remembered as much for his inspiration to Albéniz, Enrique and de Falla, as for any of his more than 10 operas, such as Los Pirineus (1891) and La Celestina (1904). |
Fernando Sor (1778 - 1839 Spain) Operas: Telemaco nell'isola di Calipso (1797), Don Trastulio (never completed), Elvira la portuguesa (1802). |
Ignacio Cervantes (1847 - 1905) at least 3 Operas in Cuba , including: Maledetto (1895). |
Hubert De Blanck |
Manuel Ponce (1882-1948 Mexico) Songs, such as Estrellita (1914). |
Isaac
Albeniz
|
Enrique Granados |
Manuel de Falla (1876-1946) Operas include: El amor brujo (1915), La Vida Breve (1904), El sombrero de tres picos (1919), also wrote El Retablo de Maese Pedro (1922) (Master Peter's Puppet Show) |
JoaquÌn Turina (1882 - 1949) composed an opera, La Sulamita, before his 20th birthday, a lyric comedy Margot (1914), and operas Jardin de Oriente (1932), and Navidad. |
recent opera composers
Astor Piazzolla
|
Carlos Chavez |
Roberto Gerhard (1896-1970 Spain) One Opera - La DueÒa (1947) |
Alberto Ginastera
(1916-83 Argentina) 3 Operas: Don Rodrigo (1964) inaugurated New York City Opera's theater at Lincoln Center, Bomarzo (1967) was banned as lewd in Buenos Aires for some time, Beatriz Cenci - Washington DC, 1972. |
Carlos López
Buchardo (1881 - 1948 Argentina) operas include the fairy-tale opera Il sogno di Alma and several comedies. |
Constantino Gaíto (1878 - 1945 Argentina) Operas: Lázaro (1929) possibly the first Argentine opera to contain a tango, and La sangre de las guitarras (1932) |
Felipe
Boero (1884 - 1958 Argentina) Tucumán (1918), El matrero (1929) (in the image on the right), Zincalí (1954). |
Alejandro Garcia Caturla
(1906 - 1940 Cuba) One piece, a puppet opera, for puppets and one actor, Manita en el suelo (1937). |
Julian Carrillo (1875 - 1965 Mexico, Native) 3 operas, not performed, including Matilde. |
Eduardo Sanchez de
Fuentes (1874 - 1944 Cuba) At 18 wrote the popular song Tú, Operas: Il naufragio, Doreya, and Kabelia. |
Caroline Lloyd (1924 - 1980 US-Venezuela) One opera, Doña Barbara (1967). |
Agustin Lara (1897-1970 Mexico) 700 songs (420 are known). |
Frederic Mompou (1893-1987 Spain) Vocal music - Combat del Somni, ciclo de 4 canciones. |
Xavier Montsalvatge (1912-2002 Spain) Vocal music - Cinco canciones negras |
Julian Orbon |
|
Joaquín
Rodrigo |
|
Óscar Esplà
(b. 1886) 7 operas from 1909 to 1976, including: La balteira (1935) |
Anton García
Abril (b. 1933) Divinas Palabras |
|
Tania
León |
Daniel Catan (b. 1949 Mexico) opera, La hija de Rappaccini, Florencia en el Amazonas (1996) -- the first opera in Spanish commissioned by an American opera company, Houston Grand Opera. |
Federico Ibarra (b. 1946),
Mexico: Orestes, 1987 , Leoncio y Lena , 1981,
Los Angeles, California: Madre Juana , 1993 and Despertar al sueño
, 1994
Camps |
in Mexico:
José Antonio Guzmán (b. 1946) Ambrosio o la fábula del
mal amor 1992
Hilda Paredes (b. 1957) The Seventh Seed, 1993
Marcela Rodríguez (b. 1951) La sunamita, 1993
Manuel Henríquez Romero (b. 1930) Malinali, 1993
Víctor Rasgado (b. 1959), Anacleto Morones, 1994
Luis Jaime Cortez (b. 1962) La tentación de San Antonio, 1998
Juan Trigos, De cachetito raspado, 1999
Leopoldo Novoa - La Muerte y el hablador , 2000
Julio Estrada - Doloritas, 2000
Sergio Ortega (b. 1938 Chile) Fulgor y muerte de Joaquín Murieta (Neruda)
Osvaldo Golijov, La Pasión Según San Marcos (2000), Ainadamar 2003
D.Q. Don Quixote in Barcelona José Luís Turina 2000
Hilda Paredes (b. 1957 Mexico), The Seventh Seed, 1993,
El Palacio Imaginado (Phantom Palace) (Isabel Allende novella) 2003 webAlfonso Padilla (b. 1949 Chile), children's opera, Chiqchippo (1988), A la luz de la oscuridad (From Darkness to Light, 1999)
Sources
Complete Works
http://www.karadar.com
http://opera.stanford.edu/composers/
http://opera.stanford.edu/composers/more.html?
Opera Houses
and other regional info
Argentina
Buenos Aires: Teatro Colón
Brasil
Belo Horizonte: Fundação Clóvis Salgado-Palácio das ArtesSão Paulo: Teatro AlfaSão Paulo: Theatro Municipal São PauloEl Salvador
San Salvador: Asociación Lírica Salvadoreñe
España
Madrid: Teatro RealOviedo: Opera de OviedoSabadell: Amics de l'Òpera de Sabadell
Composers to research
Jose Antonio Gomez (1805-1878)
Mexicans Hernando Franco (1532-1585) and Francisco López Capillas (1606-1673) - choral music, mostly for church use
http://opera.stanford.edu/composers/main.html
Adomián, Lan (29.4.1905 c. Mogilev - 9.5.1979 México)
Arámbarri (y Gárate), Jesús (13.4.1902 Bilbao - 11.7.1960 Madrid)
Aranaz y Vides, Pedro (*2.5.1740 Tudela - 24.9.1820 Cuenca)
Arbós, Enrique Fernández (24.12.1863 Madrid - 2.6.1939 San Sebastián)
Arregui Garay, Vicente (3.7.1871 Madrid - 2.12.1925 Madrid)
Ascone, Vicente (16.8.1897 Siderno, Calabria - 5.3.1979 Montevideo)
Azkué (Aberasturi), Resurrección María de (5.8.1864 Lequeitio, Vizcaya - 9.11.1951 Bilbao)
Barbosa de Araújo, Damião (27.9.1778 Itaparica, c.Salvador, Bahia - 20.4.1856 Salvador)
Barrera Gómez, Enrique (26.4.1844 Valladolid - 3.7.1922 Valladolid)
Barrios Fernandez, Angel (4.1.1882 Granada - 27.11.1964 Madrid)
Becerra(-Schmidt), Gustavo (26.8.1925 Temuco, Chile)
Chueca, Federico (5.5.1846 Madrid - 20.6.1908 Madrid)
Corradini [Coradigni, Coradini], Francesco (c.1700 Napoli - >1749 Madrid?)
Estrada, Garcia Juan Agustín (8.11.1895 Buenos Aires - 1961 Buenos Aires)
Facco, Giacomo [Jaime, Jayme] (c.1680 Venezia - 16.2.1753 Madrid)
Ficher, Jacobo (15.1.1896 Odessa - 9.9.1978 Buenos Aires)
García Pacheco, Fabián (c.1725 Escalonilla, c. Toledo - c.1808 Madrid)
Gaztambide (y Garbayo), Joaquín (Romualdo) (7.2.1822 Tudela, Navarra - 18.3.1870 Madrid)
Genovés y Lapetra, Tomás (28.12.1805 Zaragoza - 5.6.1861 Burgos)
Giménez [Jiménez] (y Bellido), Jerónimo (10.10.1854 Sevilla - 19.2.1923 Madrid)
Giner y Vidal, Salvador (19.1.1832 Valencia - 3.11.1911 Valencia)
Giró [Jiró], Manuel (5.9.1848 Lérida - 20.12.1916 Barcelona)
Halffter (Jiménez), Cristobal (24.3.1930 Madrid)
Hernando (y Palomar), Rafael (José Maria) (31.5.1822 Madrid - 10.7.1888 Madrid)
Jebe, Halfdan (1868? Trondheim - 17.12.1937 México)
Jiménez-Mabarak, Carlos (31.1.1916 Tacuba)
Lamote de Grignon, Juan (7.7.1872 Barcelona - 11.3.1949 Barcelona)
Literes (Carrión), Antonio (18.6.1673? Artá, Majorca - 18.1.1747 Madrid)
López-Buchardo, Carlos (12.10.1881 Buenos Aires - 21.4.1948 Buenos Aires)
Luna (y Carné), Pablo (21.5.1880 Alhama de Aragón - 28.1.1942 Madrid)
Manén, Juan (14.3.1883 Barcelona - 26.6.1971 Barcelona)
Montero, José Angel (1839 Caracas? - 1881 Caracas?)
Moncaya Garcia, José Pablo (29.6.1912 Guadalajara - 16.6.1958 México):
Nebra (Blasco), José (Melchor de) (*6.1.1702 Calatayud - 11.7.1768 Madrid)
Nicolau, Antonio (8.6.1858 Barcelona - 26.2.1933 Barcelona)
Obiols, Mariano (26.11.1809 Barcelona - 10.12.1888 Barcelona)
Plaza(-Alfonso), Juan Bautista (19.7.1898 Caracas - 1.1.1965 Caracas)
Rodriguez de Hita, Antonio (c.1724 - 21.2.1787 Madrid)
Rogatis, Pascual de (17.5.1880 Teora, Italia - 2.4.1980 Buenos Aires)
Saldoni, Baltasar (4.1.1807 Barcelona - 3.12.1889 Madrid)
Soler, Josep (25.3.1935 Barcelona)
Sorozabal (Marialcurrena), Pablo (18.9.1897 San Sebastian - 26.12.1988 Madrid)
Surinach, Carlos (4.3.1915 Barcelona)
Toldrá, Eduardo (7.4.1895 Villanueva y Geltrú - 31.5.1962 Barcelona)
Turina (y Perez), Joaquín (9.12.1882 Sevilla - 14.1.1949 Madrid)
Ugarte, Floro M(anuel) (15.9.1884 Buenos Aires - 11.6.1975 Buenos Aires)
Urreta, Alicia (12.10.1935 Veracruz - 20.12.1986 Mexico)
Usandizaga, José Maria (31.3.1887 San Sebastián - 5.10.1915 San Sebastián)
Valle-Riestra, José Maria (9.11.1859 Lima - 25.1.1925 Lima)
Valls (Gorina), Manuel (21.7.1920 Badalona)
Vilar, José Teodor (10.8.1836 Barcelona - 21.10.1905 Barcelona)
Villa, Ricardo (23.10.1873 Madrid - 10.4.1935 Madrid)
Viña (Manteola), Facundo de la (21.2.1876 Gijon - 19.11.1952 Madrid)
Wilkes, Josué Téofilo (8.1.1883 Buenos Aires - 10.1.1968 Buenos Aires)
Zarate, Eliodoro Ortiz de (29.12.1865 Valparaiso - 27.6.1953 Santiago)
Zubiaurre (y Unionbarrenechea), Valentí (13.2.1837 Villa de Garay, Vizcaya - 13.1.1914 Madrid)mexico:
www.conservatorianos.com.mx/5zanolli.htm
http://www.weblaopera.com/articulos/arti24.htm
Manuel Zumaya (1678-1756), Parténope 1711 (First Mexican/North American opera), El Rodrigo,
Cenobio Paniagua (1821-1892) Catalina de Guisa 1859
Melesio Morales (1828-1908), Romeo y Julieta , 1863,
Miguel Meneses (1839-1900) Agorante, rey de la Nubia 1864
Leonardo Canales, Pirro de Aragón 1864
Melesio Morales, Ildegonda 1866
Miguel Planas, Don Quijote 1871
Aniceto Ortega (1825-1875) Guatimotzin igualmente
Melesio Morales 1877, el Nacional,
Felipe Villanueva (1862-1893) Un día de asueto 1885, el Colegio del Sagrado Corazón
Julio Morales (1860-192?), Melesio 1886,
Felipe Villanueva , Keofar, 1893,
Ricardo Castro (1864-1907), Atzimba, 1900,
Gustavo E. Campa (1863-1934) El Rey Poeta
Ernesto Elorduy (1855-1913) Zulema, 1902
Ricardo Castro Rudel, 1906,
Rafael J. Tello (1872-1946) Nicolás Bravo 1910
Tello, I due amoreen 1916
Arnulfo Miramontes (1882-1960) Anáhuac 1918
Alejandro Cuevas (1870-1940) Morgana, 1920
José F. Vásquez (1896-1961) Citlali, 1922,
Castro, Atzimba, 1928, Lisisca de Flachebba
Heliodoro Oceguera , Un sueño de hadas, 1935, Lisisca,
José F. Vásquez, El mandarín
Oseguera, El Rajáh Tabaré
Manuel Camacho Vega , Tonatiuh
Migeul Bernal Jiménez (1910-1956) Tata Vasco, 1941, 1975
José Pablo Moncayo (1912-1958), La mulata de Córdoba, (only opera)
Luis Sandi (1905-1996) Carlota
Eduardo Hernández Moncada (1899-1995) Elena
Salvador Moreno (1916-1999) Severino
Rudel La leyenda
Castro, Atzimba
Córdoba, Carlota, and La mulata
Carlos Chávez, El amor propiciado, 1959
Luis Mendoza López (1890-1966) , Eréndira , 1957,
José F. Vásquez , El último sueño , 1961
Carlos Jiménez Mabarak (1916-1994), Misa de seis, 1963
Luis Sandi , La señora en su balcón, (novel by Elena Garro (1917-1998), 1964
Alicia Urreta (1931-1986) El romance de doña Balada, 1974 , she left an unfinished opera, El espejo encantado, from texts by Salvador Novo (1904-1974)
Manuel Enríquez (1926-1994) unfinished La encrucijada,
Daniel Catán (b. 1949), Encuentro en el ocaso, 1980
Miguel Alcázar (b. 1942) La mujer y su sombra, 1981
Jiménez last opera - Mabarak, La Güera, 1982
Federico Ibarra (b. 1946), Orestes, 1987 , Leoncio y Lena , 1981, Los Angeles, California: Madre Juana , 1993 and Despertar al sueño , 1994
Mario Lavista (b. 1943), Aura, 1989; from the novel of Carlos Fuentes (b. 1928).
González Meléndez (b. 1960) El marciano , 1989
Daniel Catán, La hija de Rappaccini, from Octavio Paz (1914-1998) 1991
José Antonio Guzmán (b. 1946) Ambrosio o la fábula del mal amor
Hilda Paredes (b. 1957) The Seventh Pip, 1993
Marcela Rodríguez (b. 1951) La sunamita, 1993
Manuel Henríquez Romero (b. 1930) Malinali, 1993
Víctor Rasgado (b. 1959), Anacleto Morones, 1994
Luis Jaime Cortez (b. 1962) La tentación de San Antonio, 1998
Catán, Florencia en el Amazonas, 1999,
Juan Trigos R. El pequeño príncipe, de Ibarra, De cachetito raspado, 1999
Leopoldo Novoa - La Muerte y el hablador , 2000
Julio Estrada - Doloritas, 2000
Krouse Ian Krouse, hijo de la luna (1987), Lorca
Spanish opera composer Domenico Terradella (1713-1751)
Leonardo Balada, ZAPATA (1984), CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS (1986) , DEATH OF COLUMBUS (1996)
Héctor Panizza (Argentina), Aurora web
Arturo Berutti (1862-1938 Argentina) - Pampa (1897), Gli eroi (Los héroes) (1919)
Berutti
Remigio Acevedo Gajardo (1868-1911 Chile), Caupolicán 1902
Manuel de Aremán (México), El extranjero 1803
Alfonso Broqua (1876-1946 Uruguay), Tabaré
Gustavo Campa (1863-1934 México), Azimba 1900
Jesús Castillo (1877-1946 Guatemala), Quiché Virak 1924, Nieté
Juan José Castro (1895-1968 Argentina), La zapatera prodigiosa 1949, Bodas de sangre 1956, Proserpina y el extranjero 1952, (Bodas de sangre, Zapatera prodigiosa, La : García Lorca)
Fco.de Hargreaves (1849-1900 Argentina), La gata blanca 1877, first Argentine opera
Er López Mindreau (1890-.. ? Perú ), Nueva Castilla 1926, Francisco Pizarro1943
Jose Angel Montero (1839-1881 Venezuela), Virginia 1873
Aniceto Ortega (1823-1875 México),Gautimozin 1871
Heliodoro Ortiz de Zárate (Chile), La florista de Lugano 1895, Lautaro 1902
Carlo Enrico Pasta ( Italia-Perú), Atahualpa 1877
José Ponce de León (1846-1882 Colombia), Esther, Florinda
Aquiles Reid ( 1810-1868 Chile) Telésfor
Alfredo Luis Schiuma (1885-1963 Argentina), Tabaré 1925, Las vírgenes del sol 1939
Schiuma
José Valle Riestra, (1859-1925 Perú) Ollanta
Gaspar Villate, (1851-1891 Cuba ) Zilia 1877
colon
Argentina:
Espoile, Raúl - Frenos , Ciudad roja, La,
Camps, Pompeyo - Marathon , Oscuridad de la Razón, La,
Casanova Vicuña, Juan - Erase un Rey ,
Curubeto Godoyn - Pablo y Virginia,
De Rogatis, Pascual - Novia del Hereje, La,
D'Espósito, Arnaldo - Lin Calel ,
Espoile, Ra™l - Frenos , Ciudad roja, La
Gandini, Gerardo - Ciudad ausente, La, Liederkreis ,
García Morillo, Roberto - Caso Maillard, El ,
García Estrada, Juan Agustín - Cuarterona, La,
Gilardi, Gilardo - Leyenda del Urutaú, La,
González Casellas, Fernando - Saverio el Cruel ,
Guidi-Drei, Claudio - Medea ,
Iglesias Villoud, Héctor - Oro del Inca, El,
López Buchardo, Carlos - Sueño de Alma, El,
Luzzatti, Arturo - Salomón , Afrodita (Aphrodite),
Peacan del Sar, Rafael - Chrysantheme,
Perusso, Mario - Voz del silencio, La, Guayaquil ,
Sciammarella, Valdo - Marianita Limeña,
Zorzi, Juan C. - Don Juan , Antígona Velez ,peru:
Perusso, Mario, Voz del silencio, La , Escorial , Guayaquilspain
Guridi, Jesús - Amaya
------------
cuba
Gaspar Villate (1851-1891) and Laureano Fuentes Matons (1825-1898), both authors of operas which followed the French and Italian modelsGonzalo Roig (1890-1970), operetta Cecilia Valdés (1932)
cubans in spain
Joaquín Nin-Culmell (b.1908) opera,
vocal Alfredo Diez Nieto (b.1918)
vocal Roberto Valera (b.1938)John Adams, El Niño (2002)
Golijov |
Osvaldo Golijov, La Pasión Según San Marcos (2000)
Franz Lehár, La Viuda Alegre (The Merry Widow)
Sergio Ortega (b. 1938 Chile) Fulgor y muerte de Joaquín Murieta (Neruda)
Modesto Bor, Venezuela, Noturno En Los Muelles
Mexican composer Hilda Paredes, "Phantom Palace"
"Misa Criolla" 1964 by Argentine composer Ariel Ramirez. b. 1921 Argentina
alvear |
Maria de Alvear (b. Spain 1960) web, As far as we know, for Voice and Orchestra. web
"Flores" for female voices and string orchestra.
MarGraciela Paraskevaídis (Uruguay) Maria Cecilia Villanueva (Argentina) Elisenda Fabregas Teresa Carreno (Venezuela, 1853-1917)
songs including many by Gaspar Sanz & Juan Vazquez
1625: Francesca Caccini, perhaps first woman composer, produces opera-ballet.
Enrique Lozano "Pescao"
Chico BuarqueVenezuelan Composers Project
Miguel del Aguila
Juli·n Carrillo
Paulo Costa Lima
Ernesto DÌaz-Infante
Gerardo DiriÈ
Marlos Nobre
Juan Orrego Salas
Guillermo Venegas
Carlos V·zquez
Brazilian Ernani
Aguiar Argentinian
Alberto Favero
Guastavino Vitier
Eliseo Grenet
Sindo Garay
Otilio Galindez
Antonio Lauro
Leo Brouwer
Carlos Guastavino
Joseito Fernandez
Emilio Grenet
Beatriz Corona
Rafael Inciarte
Miguel Matamoros
Silvio Rodriguez
Roberto Valera
Guido Lopoz-Gavilan
BERNARDO ADAM FERREROÝ- Nace en AlgemesÌ (Valencia)
Jesús LegidoÝ b. 1943 (Spain) vocal
Diego Luzuriaga (Ecuador) 1955, songs "Once Cancione" web
Enrique Gonzalez-Medina - Las Poquianchis, Serafina y Arcangela
Severino (Moreno), Carlota (Sandi), El Ultimo Sueño (Vazquez), and La Mulata de Cordoba (Moncayo)
chapelmaster composers at Mexico City and Puebla from about 1575 to 1750: Hernando Franco, Juan Gutiérrez de Padilla, Francisco López Capillas, and Antonio de Salazar (only Gaspar Fernandes and Manuel de Zumaya are absent from this list). The intention was apparently to include works by composers active in Mexico "before the all-conquering Italian style took Spain and its Empire by storm." (Though Italian influences can be discerned in New World polyphony, Bruno Turner's over strong statement can be debated.) Of these four composers, Juan Gutiérrez de Padilla is best represented, perhaps because Turner has edited a number of his works and the music is consequently available. Steven Barwick, pioneer in the study of Mexican sacred polyphony with his 1949 Harvard dissertation, has edited works by López Capillas and Salazar used in this recording.
Padilla's significance has been signaled by Turner, who views him as "the most talented and confident of the composers of the colonial period in Central and South America." While Padilla's great importance will not be challenged here, it will be valuable to note that not enough works--sacred or secular--by the major colonial composers of Spanish America have yet been edited for such a final judgment to be accepted....
Hernando Francisco (= Franco), Gaspar Fernandes, Juan García de Zéspedes, José de Loaysa y Agurto, and Antonio de Salazar (some of which were also included in the Boston Camerata's recording Nueva España): a number of indigenous instruments are used to accompany several of the pieces, including turtle shells, teponatzli, huéhuetl, butterfly cocoons, and various bells, rattles, and clay pots. An interesting sound spectrum is produced, though one which may not reflect actual practice. However, one can see that the works by Fernandes in the Nahuatl language (Xicochi xichochi conetzintle, Tleycantimo choquiliya) might lend themselves to such an imaginative interpretation.
...
Puebla composers Juan García de Zéspedes and Antonio Salazar.
http://www.dartmouth.edu/~hispanic/v1n2rec.html
Inter-American Music Review
John Lawrence Seymour, sixth and final opera, Ollanta, el Jefe Kolla
Estevez, Cuba, La Esclava, (1918), de José Mauri,
Georges Enescu, Oedipe
Manfroce, Ecuba
a